Especially At-Risk Tribal Populations

Who Are They?

PVTGs represent a subset of Scheduled Tribes (STs), recognized as the most underprivileged among tribal populations.

The idea originated from the Dhebar Commission (1960–61), which suggested targeted attention for communities experiencing heightened backwardness.

Originally, 52 groups were recognized in the 5th Five-Year Plan (1974–79); subsequently, 23 more were included in 2006 → totaling 75 groups now.

Habitat:

Dispersed over 18 states and the Andaman & Nicobar Islands.

Numerous individuals reside in isolated forests, mountainous areas, or islands that lack sufficient infrastructure.

Instances: Baigas (Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh), Abujh Marias, Jarawas, Onges, Sentinelese, Shompens.

Traits:

Decreasing/static population and significant susceptibility.

Geographic separation with restricted external interaction.

Reliance on ancient methods such as hunting, foraging, and rotational farming.

Limited literacy, inadequate health, and economic underdevelopment relative to other STs.

Unique cultural and social traditions, frequently beyond conventional society.

Requirement for Distinct Tally:

No earlier Census has individually counted PVTGs; the majority fall under the general ST category.

Possessing precise figures and socio-economic information will enhance the targeting of initiatives in health, education, and livelihoods.

Aids in pinpointing infrastructure deficiencies in their communities for initiatives such as PM JANMAN (₹24,104 crore initiated in 2023).

Guarantees safeguarding of their habitat rights and maintenance of their distinct cultures.

Determines if the current PVTG criteria still apply, since some groups might have progressed while others have declined.