A new study (IIT Indore, ICIMOD, US universities) reconstructed the hydrological discharge of the Gangotri Glacier System (GGS), revealing changes in meltwater patterns linked to climate change
What is it?
The Gangotri Glacier System (GGS) is an important origin of the Bhagirathi River, a significant tributary of the Ganga.
Includes Gangotri, Chaturangi, Raktavaran, and Meru glaciers; approximately 549 km² area, around 48% glaciated.
Trends:
Average yearly discharge (1980–2020): 28 ±1.9 m³/s.
Sources of contribution: Snowmelt (64%), Glacier melt (21%), Rainfall-runoff (11%), Base flow (4%).
Peak discharge shift: From August (pre-1990) to July (post-1990) as a result of decreased winter snowfall and earlier summer thawing.
Decrease in snow cover: Lower snowmelt even with increasing temperatures.
Rainfall-runoff and baseflow rising, indicating hydrological shifts due to warming.
Consequences:
Increased peak discharge → potential for water shortages in late summer/autumn for downstream areas.
Increased flood risk in July due to heavy monsoon downpours.
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